Improvement in insulators for telegraphs



N0. 8,438. PATBNTED' OGT.14, 1851.

J. YANDELL. INSULATOR ]EOR TELEGRAPHS.

UNITED STATES JOHN YANDELL, OF

PATENT OFFICE.

ST LOUIS, MISSOURI.

IMPROVEMENT IN INSULATORS FOR TELEGRAPHS.

T0 all whom z't 1fiag concern:

Beit known that I, JOHN YANDELL, of St. Louis oity and oounty and State of Missouri, have invented a new and useful Improvement in the Mode oflnsulating theWires of Magnetio Telegraphs and other Magnetic Apparatus, which is described as follows, reference being hacl to the annexecl drawings ofthe same making part 0f this speoification.

Figure l is an elevation of the upper end of a telegraph-pole with the insulator inserted therein. Fig.2is avertical seetion through the center of the same. Fig. 3 is a side view of a braoket oontaining an insulator designed to be used in seouring to a tree, when that mode of support is employecl. Fig. 4 is a section through the same at the line 00 xof Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a front view of the same. Fig. 6 is a side view of the insulator. Fig. 7 is alongitudinal section of thesame. Fig. Sisan end viewof the same. Fig. 9 is a oross-section of the same. Fig. 10 1's an end view of a moclification of the same when used to receive the wire frorn the top of the post. Fig. 11 is a longitudinal section of a modified fonn of the same, the flange being concentricwith the oylindrioal portion forming the body. Fig. 12 is a sectional view of a post with the insnlator, Fig. 11, insertecl, this form being used when the post is not large enough a the top to Work into the shape of Figs. 1 .and 2.

The nature of this invention oonsists in enttiug the sides of telegraph-posts near their upper ends, and the sides of the brackets, When it is designed to nse trees as a means of support; for the wires, so as to forn1 depressions on either sideabout one-third the thiokness of the post 01 bracket in clepth, ancl boring a hole having an eccentrie recess ab on'eenclthrough from one depression to the other, and inserting in saicl hole a glass oylindrioal insulator, in whioh the wire is introduoecl through a slotin its upper part, having an eccentric or concentrio flange als one end, and oorresponding in size und form With the hole and recess, ancl held in its place by a eleat in such a manner as to afiord an insulator whioh shall be prevented fron1 turning within the post ancl braoket, to prevent the escape of the wire from the same, ancl be protectecl from min and sleet, &o., during stormy weat-her.

T0. enable others skilled in the art to make and use 1ny invention, I Will prooeecl to give a more partioular description ofit-s oonstruction.

A is the upper portion of the telegraph-post hewed to an edge at its upper end, so as to shed olf min, snow, sleet, &o. and having a horizontal hole bored through it a short distance below its upper end, and clepressions hewed in its sides below said hole, to prepare it for the reoeption of the insulator. This is done in the following manner: A hole-say, two and one-quarter inohes in diameter-is first bored bv an auger, in the post, abont onethird its diameter in clepth, and another au ger 0t' less sizesay one and three-quarter inchis then inserted in this hole, and another hole of this size is bored through the remainder of the post and parallel with the first and conoentrio with the same, one sicle of whioh (being its upper part when the posts are placed upright) is on a line with one side of the firstmen tionecl hole. This being done, an inolinecl slit, B, suffioient to admii: the wire, is sawed fron1 one sicle of the post into the holes. VVhen the top of the post is too small to permit the usual projeotion of the wood over the insulator the slit must be from above, so .as not to weaken the ost too mach. Anysuitable cover may be plaeed over to shecl the water, &c. The sides of the post at the enclsof the holes, 011 the opposite side of said holes, are then sawed, as ab O, so as to inoline at a reverse angle with the slit; B. The sides of the post are then hewed from below, and. the body of timber to the clepths of the curfs last sawed removed, so as to form depressio'ns on either side of the post below the hole, straight ab their upper parts, the faoe of one being within about three-eighths of an inoh of the bottom of the larger hole first bored, so as to leave a reoess, D, at one end of the smaller hole, ex tending throngh the post, ecoentric With the same. The corners of the depressions next the hole are then cut off with a chisel, as at E, 110 prevent the possibility of the wires when set being blown in contaot with them. 'lhe post is then ready to receive the insulator.

F is the glass insnlator, made in the form of a cylinder, oorresponcling with the size of the hole through the post, with its interior bore, whioh is flared outward or enlargecl at the ends, aud eooentrie 0x eoncentric with the outer periphery. When eccentric the heaviest part is opposite to the slit from end t0 end.

G is a slit to a1low the entrance of the wire into the bore.

The eecentrio fiange H attaehes to one end of the insulator, its upper part 01 edge terrni: nat-ing et the top of the oylinder, and its 1ower edge extending soxne distance helow the bottom of the same, so es to fit within the reeess D, formed by the hole first bored in Ehe post. The insulator is oben inserted in ehe hole (be wire being passed through the slit in the 051- inder to the bore of the same) and the flange at the end is fitted into the reeess D, Whioh, being ecoentrio with the oylinder,prevents the insulator turning eibher way.

I is a wooden oblong o1eat made ooncave and beveled ab its upper end and nailed to the even surf'ace of one of the depressions With its upper end resting against the end of the insu lator'. This prevents its being drawn out of the hole by the movements of the wire or other causes.

K is a wooden braoket designed to be nailed to a tree, when this manner of support for the wires is used, or to the sides of the telegraphposts the required distanoe below the upper insulator, when two wires are used. In is curved 011 its under and upper parts, and bored in e similar manner to the posts, so es to form a similar openingfor the insulator, and is pro- Vided Wi1}h an inelined 01 vertieal slit, L, extending from its outer pmt into the insulator hole, and is sewed and hewed 011 both sides below the hole the Same depth as the depressions in the sides of the posb, so es to oause its upper part to overhang the ends 0f the insulator, (whioh is inserted and secured in the hole in the same manner that the insulator of the pos is inserted and seeured in its opening,) und forms a roof for t-he protection ot' the same from min, &e.

M is a modifioafpion of the insulator, made similar to the one first desoribed, exoepb that; its flange is eoncentrio With the eylinder, in-

stead of eceentrie, .and that it is provided with a notoh in the flange, through which a nai1, N, is driven into the post or bracket, whose head prevents it from either turning 01 beooming dislodged fron1 its place.

O is a modifieation of the first described, exoept that the flange is sometimes omitted when peculinr oonditions in the shape of the top of the pole mzny render it necessary 130 reduce the bore as much es possible to retain strength in the pole.

P is a view of the head of the post, wih a vertioal sli1: and pieoe of board, Q, or metal nailed 011 top 130 prwent the aceess of rein, &e. This m'odification is always adopted when the 1 post is too small to allow a side s1it.

What l claim es my invention, 2u1d desire to seoure by Letters Patent, is-

Oasting the glass insulators of magnetiotelegraph and other wires of zu oylindrical forrn, with a flange a1; one end eccentric with he periphery of the same, its u pper part being even with the top, und its lower part dropped slightl v below the cylinder, an l forming the bore of the cylinder, 1ikewise eocentrio with the periphery, so es so allow a greater body of glass to forma ab its 10 wer part than a1; its upper part, where it is slit from its outer to ics inner periphery to allow he insertion of the wire, and insering the insulator so formed into a horizontal hole into whioh the wire is previously introduced through a slit; at its side bored through ehe post, or through a braoket secured 011 its side or to a tree, and conespond ing With the form of the fiange which fits therein, in such a manner es to insulate the wire from oontaot With the post, und. prevent; the glass fro m slippin g round, and oonsequen tly theeseape of Ehe wire from the g1ass, as herein described, o1 in any other form substantially the same as the form and modifioations above desoribed.

JOHN YANDELL. Witnesses:

JOHN N. DAWSON, W. E. SMITH. 

